Suppose you start with a solution of red dye #40 that is 3.1 ✕ 10−5 m. if you do four successive volumetric dilutions pipetting 1.00 ml of solution and diluting with water in a 40.00 ml volumetric flask, what is the molarity of the final dilution?

1.3 × 10⁻¹¹ M

Explanation:

We are going to do 4 successive dilutions. In each dilution, we will apply the dilution rule.

C₁.V₁=C₂.V₂

where,

C₁ and V₁ are concentration and volume of the initial state

C₂ and V₂ are concentration and volume of the final state

First dilution

C₁ = 3.1 × 10⁻⁵ M V₁ = 1.00 mL C₂ = ? V₂ = 40.00mL

Second dilution

C₁ = 7.8 × 10⁻⁷ M V₁ = 1.00 mL C₂ = ? V₂ = 40.00mL

Third dilution

C₁ = 2.0 × 10⁻⁸ M V₁ = 1.00 mL C₂ = ? V₂ = 40.00mL

Fourth dilution

C₁ = 5.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ M V₁ = 1.00 mL C₂ = ? V₂ = 40.00mL

each chemical family is represented as a group or column on the periodic table. based on chemical properties, there are 6 types of chemical families. group 1 represents alkali metals, group 2 represents alkaline earth metals, groups 3 to 12 represent transition metals, groups 13 to 16 represent non-metals and other metals, group 17 represents halogens and group 18 represents noble gases.