Which of the following is true for a limiting reactant?
it is the reactant whose atoms remain unbalanced in the equation.
it is the reactant that produces a smaller amount of product.
it is the reactant that is left over after the reaction stops. it is the reactant that produces one mole of product.

In a chemical reaction, a limiting reactant has been the reactant that produces a smaller amount of product. Thus, option B is correct.

In a chemical reaction, the concentration of the product has been dependent on the concentration of the reactants. The reactant with low concentration will limit the formation of the product, The reactant that suppresses or limits the formation of product has been known as the limiting reactant.

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It is a reactant that produces smaller amount of product.

Explanation:

" The limiting reactant is a reactant that control the amount of product in chemical reaction because of its smaller amount"

Consider the example:

2 H₂ + O₂   →   2H₂O

two moles of hydrogen react with one moles of oxygen and produces two moles of water. when we take two mole of hydrogen and two mole of oxygen than again two mole of water is produced because hydrogen is limiting reactant and one mole of oxygen left un reacted.

Identification of limiting reactant:

Calculate the number of moles of reactant.

compare it with number of moles of product with help of balance chemical equation.

identify the reactant which produces less number of moles of product.

c. electrical charges of ionic bonds.