Which of the following describes how concentrations of the following substances in the body change during anaerobic respiration?

the amount of lactic acid increases.

the amount of oxygen increases.

the amount of lactic acid decreases.

the amount of atp increases.

The amount of lactic acid increase.

Explanation:

There are two types of respiration:

1.Aerobic respiration  

2.Anaerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration

It is the breakdown of glucose molecule in the presence of oxygen to yield large amount of energy. Water and carbon dioxide are also produced as a byproduct.

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + 38ATP

Anaerobic Respiration

It is the breakdown of glucose molecule in the absence of oxygen and produce small amount of energy. Alcohol or lactic acid and carbon dioxide are also produced as byproducts.  

Glucose→ lactic acid/alcohol + 2ATP + carbon dioxide

This process use respiratory electron transport chain as electron acceptor instead of oxygen. It is mostly occur in prokaryotes. Its main advantage is that it produce energy (ATP) very quickly as compared to aerobic respiration.  

Steps involve in anaerobic respiration are:

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It involve the breakdown of one glucose molecule into pyruvate and 2ATP.

Fermentation :

The second step of anaerobic respiration is fermentation. It involve the fermentation of pyruvate into lactic acid or alcohol depending upon the organism in which it is taking place. There is no ATP produced, however carbon dioxide is released in this step.

Anaerobic respiration in plants:

Anaerobic respiration in plants produced ethanol which if accumulate then cause the harmful effect in plants. It is also occur in some microorganisms such as yeast.

C₆H₁₂O₆  →   2C₂H₅OH  + 2CO₂

Anaerobic respiration in animals:

Anaerobic respiration in animals pyruvate converted into lactic acid and it is not as harmful as ethanol in plant if accumulate. It is produced during exercise. It can produce the cramps which can be cured with massage.

C₆H₁₂O₆  →   2C₃H₆O₃

they are made of gases.

they have a spherical shape.

they make energy through fusion.