You are told that the salts of an organic acid or base has much different solubility properties than the parent acid or base. what are the differences and why is this?

Explanation:

Because the salt is a charged, ionic compound, whereas the parent is purely covalently bounded, therefore, the salt of an organic acid or base is much more water soluble than the parent acid or base.

This is important because water molecules can "dissolve" a charged molecule, which means that it can be surrounded and stabilized by water molecules.

In contrast, water molecules are not drawn to parent acid or base nonpolar substituents, and the molecule's total polarity is determined by the relative electronegativity of the polar group and molecule surface area.

In other words, a long chained molecule in water are usually insoluble whereas a short chain  is likely to be soluble.

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.