Aresearcher studying the nutritional value of a new candy places a 3.60 g sample of the candy inside a bomb calorimeter and combusts it in excess oxygen. the observed temperature increase is 2.79 ∘ c. if the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 29.60 kj ⋅ k − 1 , how many nutritional calories are there per gram of the candy?

Answer :  The nutritional Calories present per gram of the candy are 5.48 cal/g.

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the heat given off by the combustion of this candy.

where,

q = heat released by the reaction = ?

c = specific heat of calorimeter =

= change in temperature =   (Change in kelvin temperature = Change in Celsius temperature)

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

Now we have to convert heat from kJ to cal.

Conversion used : 1 cal = 4.186 kJ

As, 4.186 kJ heat = 1 cal

So, 84.58 kJ heat =

Now we have to calculate the nutritional Calories are there per gram of the candy.

Amount of nutritional Calories =

Therefore, the nutritional Calories present per gram of the candy are 5.48 cal/g.

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).