An ancient club is found that contains 200 g of pure carbon and has an activity of 4.5 decays per second. determine its age assuming that in living trees the ratio of atoms is about . note that the half life of carbon-14 is 5700 years and the avogadro number is

Explanation: initial activity = (0.693/Thalf)(N12C)(1.3*10^-12)

(0.693/5700)(200(1/12))(6.023*10^23)(1.3*10^-12)

= 1.22 *10^9 decays/year.

A = 4.5 decays/seconds

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.