For which of the following is the van't hoff factor 2, assuming complete dissociation?

a)
calcium phosphate

b)
aluminum chloride

c)
calcium chloride

d)
sodium chloride

d) Sodium Chloride

Explanation:

The correct answer is option (d) sodium chloride. Generally, the van't Hoff factor is determined from the complete dissociation of the substance. It is calculated as the total number of ions present in the solution per unit of the substance formula. Therefore, for calcium phosphate, the factor is 5, for aluminum chloride, it is 4, for calcium chloride, it is 3 while for sodium chloride, it is 2.

the seeing the electronic configuration we can say that the element is fluorine.

fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table.

but by only seeing the configuration we cannot say about its reactivity because we don't know if its configuration after excitation or by addition of electrons.

but if not then, it is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. as the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive: almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine.