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1. which model best describes the particles of a solid and their motion?

This of a brick wall. The bricks are the particles and the mortar is the bonds that hold the particles together. In a solid, the molecules are tightly bonded to each other and they do not vibrate as much as molecules do in liquids or gasses. They have an overall lower kinetic energy. This is much like a brick wall in a sense as the bricks are restricted from movements due to the mortar that holds them together.

Explanation:

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the atomic mass is the bottom number on the element.

-steel jelly