Form a bond: each electron has a charge of 1-, and each proton has a charge of 1+. you
can calculate the charge of an atom by subtracting the number of electrons from the number
of protons. move an electron from the sodium to the chlorine atom.
a. what are the charges of each atom now?
sodium:
chlorine:

When an electron is moved from sodium to chlorine, sodium has a charge of +1 and and chlorine has a charge of -1.

Given that in the ground state, sodium has 11 protons and 11 electrons and chlorine has 17 protons and 17 electrons.

We obtain the charge of the atom by subtracting the number of electrons from the number  of protons.

If we move one electron from sodium to chlorine, chlorine now has 18 electrons and 17 protons and sodium has 10 electrons and 11 protons

The charge on each atom now is;

Sodium = 11 - 10 = +1

Chlorine = 17 - 18 = -1

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for step 7 table c on the lab "newtons law of action"   the average time it took the car to travel .25 meters   was 1.92 seconds.

the average time it took the car to travel 0.50 meters was 2.61 seconds

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