12. which of the following statements is true about a nickel-cadmium dry cell? (points : 3) the cathode reaction is cd + 2oh cd(oh)2 + 2e. the cathode reaction is cd + nio2 + 2h2o cd(oh)2 + ni(oh)2. the cathode reaction is nio2+ h2o + 2e ni(oh)2 + 2oh. the anode reaction is nio2 + h2o + 2e ni(oh)2 + 2oh.

The correct answer among the options given is the first one. The cathode reaction for a nickel-cadmium dry cell is Cd + 2OH Cd(OH)2 + 2e. It should be remembered that at the cathode reduction always happen and reduction is the gain of electrons. As we can see from the half reaction, there is a gain of 2 electrons.

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.

Ions gain or lose electrons