Write the empirical formula of copper chloride based on the experimental data. Express your answer as a chemical formula.

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In a student experiment, the empirical formula of a copper halide was found by adding aluminum metal to an aqueous solution of the halide, displacing copper metal. The copper metal was filtered, washed with distilled water, dried, and weighed; three separate determinations were performed. The copper halide solution contained 42.62 g of copper chloride per liter. The student recorded the following experimental data.

Trial  Volume of copper chloride solution   Mass of filter paper  Mass of filter paper with copper

A      49.6     0.908       1.694  

B     48.3       0.922      1.693

C    42.2        0.919       1.588

Write the empirical formula of copper chloride based on the experimental data.

The empirical formula for the given compound is

Explanation:

We are given:

Mass of copper chloride in 1 L or 1000 mL of solution = 42.62 grams

Taking Trial B:

Volume of solution = 49.6 mL

Applying unitary method:

In 1000 mL of solution, the mass of copper chloride present is 42.62 grams

So, in 48.3 mL of solution, the mass of copper chloride will be =

We are given:

Mass of filter paper = 0.922 g

Mass of filter paper + copper = 1.693 g

Mass of copper = [1.693 - 0.922] g = 0.771 g

Mass of chlorine in the sample = [2.058 - 0.771]g = 1.287 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Moles of copper =

Moles of Chlorine =

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.0121 moles.

For copper =

For Chlorine =

The ratio of Cu : Cl = 1 : 3

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is

true

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