The reaction between ethyl bromide (C₂H₅Br) and hydroxide ion in ethyl alcohol at 330 K, , is first order each in ethyl bromide and hydroxide ion. When [C₂H₅Br] is 0.0477 M and [OH⁻] is 0.100 M, the rate of disappearance of ethyl bromide is 1.7×10⁺⁷M/s.

How would the rate of disappearance of ethyl bromide change if the solution were diluted by adding an equal volume of pure ethyl alcohol to the solution?

If the solution were diluted by adding an equal volume of pure ethyl alcohol to the solution, then thee rate of reaction will decrease by a factor of 4 to 4.25×10⁶ M/s

Explanation:

For a first order reaction we have

Rate = [A] where [A] is the concentration of the reagent

Hence the reaction between (C₂H₅Br) and OH⁻ is given by

Rate = Kc[C₂H₅Br][OH⁻]

The addition of pure ethyl which only dilute the concentration of the reactants we have

Final concentration = (initial concentration)/ 2

Therefore the rate becomes

Rate = = ×Kc[C₂H₅Br][OH⁻]

Then the rate of reaction is divided by 4 thus

The rate of the reaction =

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

answer carbon and three oxygen atoms;