AA+bB⇌cC+dD the Kc and Kp expressions are given by Kc=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b Kp=(PC)c(PD)d(PA)a(PB)b The subscript c or p indicates whether K is expressed in terms of concentrations or pressures. Equilibrium-constant expressions do not include a term for any pure solids or liquids that may be involved since their composition does not change throughout the reaction. The standard state of a pure substance is the pure substance itself, and although the quantity may change the sample remain pure. The concentration is effectively equal to 1, and will not impact the magnitude of K. Part A Phosgene (carbonyl chloride), COCl2, is an extremely toxic gas that is used in manufacturing certain dyes and plastics. Phosgene can be produced by reacting carbon monoxide and chlorine gas at high temperatures: CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g) Carbon monoxide and chlorine gas are allowed to react in a sealed vessel at 467 ∘C . At equilibrium, the concentrations were measured and the following results obtained: Gas Partial Pressure (atm) CO 0.850 Cl2 1.11 COCl2 0.120 What is the equilibrium constant, Kp, of this reaction?

The value of equilibrium constant, for the reaction is 0.127

Explanation:

We are given:

Partial pressure of CO at equilibrium = 0.850 atm

Partial pressure of at equilibrium = 1.11 atm

Partial pressure of at equilibrium = 0.120 atm

For the given chemical equation:

The expression of for above equation follows:

Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the value of equilibrium constant, for the reaction is 0.127

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.