Antimony pentachloride decomposes according to this equation: SbCl5(g)⇌SbCl3(g)+Cl2(g) An equilibrium mixture in a 5.00-L flask at 448 °C contains 3.85 g of SbCl5, 9.14 g of SbCl3, and 2.84 g of Cl2. How many grams of each will be found if the mixture is transferred into a 2.00-L flask at the same temperature?

The mass of SbCl₅ in 2.00-L flask = 14.95 g

The mass of SbCl₃ in 2.00-L flask = 11.41 g

The mass of Cl₂ in 2.00-L flask = 3.55 g

Explanation:

Equation for the reaction is given as:

SbCl5(g)⇌SbCl3(g)+Cl2(g)

Equilibrium constant =

Let's calculate their respective number of moles; followed by their molar concentrations.

Since number of moles =

Therefore;

For SbCl₅(g)

mass given =3.85 g

molar mass = 299 g/mol

number of moles of SbCl₅(g) will be:

=

= 0.0128 moles

For SbCl₃(g);

mass given = 9.14 g

molar mass = 228.13 g/mol

number of moles of SbCl₃(g) will be:

=

= 0.0400 moles

For Cl₂(g)

mass given  2.84 g

molar mass = 70.906 g/mol

number of moles of Cl₂(g) will be:

=

= 0.0400 moles

Molar Concentration =

Their respective molar concentration can be calculated as follows:

Molar Concentration for SbCl₅(g)

[SbCl₅(g)] =

= 0.00256

= 2.56 × 10⁻³ M

Molar Concentration for SbCl₃(g)

[SbCl₃(g)] =

= 0.008

= 8 × 10⁻³ M

Molar Concentration for Cl₂(g)

[Cl₂(g)] =

= 0.008

= 8 × 10⁻³ M

Again, we knew our Equilibrium constant =

∴

=

= 0.025

For the equilibrium mixture in 5.00 L  flask at 448°C; = 0.025

∴ For 2.00 L;

Let (y) M be the concentration of SbCl₅(g), SbCl₃(g) and Cl₂(g)

∴

=

= y

0.0025 = y

∴ For SbCl₅(g), SbCl₃(g) and Cl₂(g) in 2.00-L; their respective Molar Concentration is 0.025 M each.

So, since numbers of moles =

mass = numbers of moles × molar mass

Also, numbers of moles = Molar Concentration × Volume

∴ mass = Molar Concentration × Volume × molar mass

For SbCl₅(g);

mass =  0.025 × 2 × 229g

= 14.95 g

For SbCl₃(g);

mass =  0.025 × 2 × 228.13

= 11.4065 g

≅ 11.41 g

For Cl₂(g):

mass = 0.025 × 2 × 70.906

= 3.5453 g

≅ 3.55 g

∴

The mass of SbCl₅ in 2.00-L flask = 14.95 g

The mass of SbCl₃ in 2.00-L flask = 11.41 g

The mass of Cl₂ in 2.00-L flask = 3.55 g

answers: to make sure that all of the broken pieces of tablet were added to the water, to allow for fair comparison of all three trials, with different particle sizes to avoid experimental error