HELP ASAP PLEASE...According to the mantle plume theory, what causes hot spots?

A. Thin places in the seafloor crack.

b. An upwelling of magma from the mantle gathers close to the Earth’s surface.

C. Chimney-like hydrothermal vents form on the seafloor.

D. Oceanic plates are subducted and volcanoes form.

Benzonitrile (c6h5cn) is reduced to two different products depending on the reducing agent used. treatment with lithium aluminum hydride followed by water forms k, which has a molecular ion in its mass spectrum at 107 and the following ir absorptions: 3373, 3290, 3062, 2920, and 1600 cm-1. treatment with a milder reducing agent forms l, which has a molecular ion in its mass spectrum at 106 and the following ir absorptions: 3086, 2850, 2820, 2736, 1703, and 1600 cm-1. l shows fragments in its mass spectrum at m/z = 105 and 77. propose structures for k and l and choose an explanation for how this could be concluded.