The successive ionization energies of a certain element are I1 = 589.5 kJ/mol, I2 =1145 kJ/mol, I3= 4900 kJ/mol, I4 = 6500 kJ/mol, and I5 = 8100 kJ/mol. This pattern of ionization energies suggests that the unknown element is:

a. K
b. Si
c. As
d. Ca
e. S

As

Explanation:

For any element to exhibit the pattern of ionization energy shown in the question, it must possess five electrons in its outermost shell. These five electrons are not lost at once. They are lost progressively until the valence shell becomes empty. The ionization energy increases steadily as more electrons are lost from the valence shell.

The only pentavalent element among the options in arsenic, hence the answer.

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