What is the ratio of acetate ion to acetic acid (Ka = 1.76×10–5) in a solution containing these compounds at pH 4.38 ? Write your answer as a decimal and not as a fraction.

0.43.

Explanation:

In order to solve this question we will need the an equation called Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation. The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation can be represented by the reaction below;

pH= pKa + log ( [ A^- ] / [ HA] ).

Where HA is the acetic acid and A^- is the Acetate ion

We are given the pH value to be = 4.38 and the ka to be = 1.76×10^–5. So, we will use the value for the ka to find the pKa through the formula below.

pKa = - log ka.

Therefore, pKa = - log( 1.76×10^–5).

pKa= 4.75 + log

So,

4.38 = 4.75 + log ([ A^-] / [HA]).

4.38 - 4.75 = log ( [ A^- ] / [ HA] ).

( [ A^- ] / [ HA] ) = 10^- 0.37.

( [ A^- ] / [ HA] ) = 0.42657951880159265.

( [ A^- ] / [ HA] )= 0.43.

water   molecules stay close to each other through cohesion, the collective action of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. cohesion plants draw water upwards from the root through the stem's transport tubes (xylem) to the leaf. this transport occurs even in large trees and against gravity. transpiration, evaporation of water from plant leaves, creates a tension on water molecules being pulled up from the stem and roots.

water also has high (the attraction of one substance to another) properties because of its polar nature. adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls counteract gravity while water is transported from roots to leaves.

water exhibits a very high surface tension when compared to other liquids. surface tension is a property of a liquid that holds the surface together and allows it to resist an external force. by capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. the high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water from the roots to the leaves of plants.

thus, cohesion, along with adhesion and surface tension creates a capillary action that keeps water molecules interacting and moving through the plants out to the leaf cells.

therefore, option d) is the correct answer.

explanation: