A buffer system is made of two components, a weak acid/or base and their corresponding conjugate ions. In the case of a weak acid/conjugate base anion, the addition of small amounts of base is neutralized by the and the addition of small amounts of acid are neutralized by the

the addition of small amounts of base is neutralized by the acid and the addition of small amounts of acid are neutralized by the base

Explanation:

the addition of small amounts of base is neutralized by the acid and the addition of small amounts of acid are neutralized by the base so that there is no abrupt change in the pH of the solution

Conjugate acid; conjugate base.

Explanation:

A solution that resist changes in pH due when small amount of strong acid or strong base is added to it is known as a Buffer solution. A buffer solution contains the weak acid and its conjugate base.

So, when a base is added to a buffer solution the conjugate acid neutralizes it and when an acid is added to the buffer solution the conjugate base neutralizes it just like it is given in the equation below;

A^- + H^+ > HA.

The above Reaction is a reaction showing conjugate base neutralizing the effect of the added acid.

HA + OH^- > A^- + H2O.

The above Reaction is a reaction showing conjugate acid neutralizing the effect of the added base.