Determine the point groups for a. Ethane (staggered conformation) b. Ethane (eclipsed conformation) c. Chloroethane (staggered conformation) d. 1,2-Dichloroethane (staggered anti conformation)

Answer and Explanation:

Every molecule has a set of symmetry operations that helps in determining its overall symmetry. This set of operations determines the point group of a molecule.

(a) Ethane (staggered conformation)

Ethane in the staggered conformation has:

hence the point group of ethane in staggered conformation is  

(b) Ethane (eclipsed conformation)

Ethane in the eclipsed conformation has:

Hence the point group of ethane in eclipsed conformation is

(c) chloroethane (staggered conformation)

Chloroethane in the staggered conformation has:

Hence the point group of staggered conformation in chloroethane is

(c) 1,2-Dichloroethane (staggered anti conformation)

1,2-Dichloroethane in the staggered anti conformation has:

Hence the point group in the staggered anti conformation of 1,2-Dichloroethane is

a 20-cm-long, cylindrical graphite (pure carbon) rod is inserted into an oxidizing atmosphere at 1145 k and 1.013 x 105 pa pressure. the oxidizing process is limited by the diffu- sion of oxygen counterflow to the carbon monoxide that is formed on the cylindrical surface.

i think that the answer is c