Give the formula of each of the following (don't worry about subscripts or superscripts, example: HCO3- enter as HCO3-): the conjugate acid of HSO3- H2SO3 the conjugate base of H2O the conjugate acid of NH3 the conjugate base of CH3NH2

See explanation below

Explanation:

In this case, for you to understand, let's do the acid base reaction, so you can see the conjugate base or acid.

For the case of the HSO3-, if you do the reaction:

HSO3- + H2O > H2SO3 + OH-

In this case, the negative charge, acts as a base, and took an hydrogen from the water. This forms the OH- and the conjugate acid of the HSO3-. The H2SO3 is called sulfurous acid.

For the case of H2SO3:

H2SO3 + H2O > HSO3- + H3O+

The H2SO3 acts like acid, so the conjugate base would be the HSO3-

For the H2O:

2H2O > H3O+ + OH-

The water acts as base and acid at a time. In this case, when it acts like a base, took one hydrogen atom from the other molecule of water, and forms the H3O+. This would be the conjugate acid. The conjugate base would be the OH-

For the NH3:

NH3 + H2O > NH4+ + OH-

The atom of nitrogen in the NH3, took an atom of hydrogen to form the NH4+, which would be the conjugate acid.

For the CH3NH2:

CH3NH2 + H2O > CH3NH- + H3O+

The water took an atom of hydrogen, so, the water is the base and CH3NH2 is the acid, so the conjugate base is the CH3NH-

Regards

given:

mass of na = 115 g

excess cl2

to determine:

mass of nacl produced

explanation:

given reaction is-

2na(s) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(s)

since cl2 is in excess, na will be the limiting reagent

as per the reaction stoichiometry na: nacl = 1: 1

i.e. moles of na reacted = moles of nacl formed

now, # moles of na = mass of na/atomic mass

                                  = 115 g/23 g.mol-1 = 5 moles

therefore, moles of nacl = 5

molar mass of nacl = 58 g/mol

mass of nacl = 5 moles * 58 g.mol-1 = 290 g

ans: amount of nacl produced = 290 g

according to the u.s. department of agriculture, the label of "certified organic" comes with a set of highly regulated standards for environmental stewardship and resource conservation. some of these include maintenance and improvement of soil quality, prevention of ground and surface water contamination, greenhouse gas regulation, encouragement of biodiversity and conservation of water and energy (see references 1). organic practices integrate natural methods such as mulching, plant diversity, native and adapted plants, crop rotation and the introduction of beneficial insects to control pests without synthetic pesticides.

environmental implications of pesticides

synthetic pesticides ensure high crop yields. while effective in achieving this goal, pesticides contaminate soil, air, ground and surface water, as well as the plants and animals that come into contact with these contaminated sources. freshwater and marine organisms are particularly susceptible to pesticides through agricultural runoff. pesticides also reduce soil fertility (necessitating the use of synthetic fertilizers) and can travel far from the original source, contaminating water and air hundreds of miles from the location of application (see references 2).

health implications of organics

although a subject of particular debate, many recent findings show that organic food is healthier than conventionally grown food. according to the usda, an extensive european union-funded study found that organically grown foods contain more beneficial compounds, such as the vitamins and antioxidants needed to combat many diseases (see references 5). organic milk, meat and eggs are regulated to ensure they are free of hormones administered to conventional livestock and poultry.

health implications of pesticides

pesticides affect human health in three ways: through skin contact, inhalation and ingestion. acute and long-term exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems for farmers who apply them. the majority of other people are affected by drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated marine life (see references 3). pesticides have been linked to neurological disorders, endocrine and reproductive disorders, immune system deficiencies and cancer. according to the world health organization, acute pesticide poisoning (app) is responsible for significant annual mortality, especially in developing nations (see references 4).

other important considerations

not every small farm or business owner can afford the costly certification process required to be considered "certified organic," even if the farm is not using chemicals. "transitional" farms include those that once used chemicals and are now transitioning to organic-only production. in addition, though organic farming methods offer obvious environmental benefit, an organic apple shipped from around the world creates a different set of environmental problems. locally grown food (particularly locally grown, organic food) is key in sustainable food production.