Which answer includes all the following that are chemical changes and not physical changes? I. freezing of water II. rusting of iron III. dropping a piece of iron into hydrochloric acid (H2 is produced) IV. burning a piece of wood V. emission of light by a kerosene oil lamp

Chemical changes would include the rusting of iron, dropping a piece of iron into hydrochloric acid, burning a piece of wood, and the emission of light by a kerosine oil lamp.

Chemical changes are irreversible changes leading to the formation of new products. Physical changes, on the other hand, are reversible in that no new products are formed.

The only process that is reversible in the illustration is the freezing of water. Frozen water can be retrieved by allowing the ice to melt. All other changes in the illustration are chemical changes.

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rusting of iron

dropping a piece of iron into hydrochloric acid (H2 is produced)

burning a piece of wood

emission of light by a kerosene oil lamp

Explanation:

A chemical change is not easily reversible, a new substance is formed and it often involves absorption or evolution of heat.

All the processes listed above are chemical changes. How ever, freezing of water is a physical change. It is easily reversible and no new substance is formed.

14 days is the half-life of phosphorus-32

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).