A student is using the periodic table to find information for a report on elements. One of the statements about fluorine in her report contains an error. Find the error, and write your replacement for the error beneath the statement. Flourine is a halogen in group 17. Its chemical symbol is F. It is atomic number 9 and has 7 valence electrons. Flourine has a low reactivity compared to many other elements.

Flourine has a low reactivity compared to many other elements.

Explanation:

Obviously the wrong information about fluorine from the given choices is that it has a low reactivity compared to many other elements.

Fluorine is the most reactive non-metal with a high electronegativity value. It freely and easily combines with other substances to attain a stable configuration.

This element require just one electron to have a complete octet. This is why it is highly reactive. Flourine has the most oxidizing power of the halogens.

Other given facts are correct about flourine.

part 1: the half-life of the element is 22 years.

part 2: it will take 132.02 year for the sample to decay from 308.0 g to 4.8125 g.

explanation:

part 1: there are two ways to determine the half life time.

first way: the half life time can be determined directly from its definition as it is the time required for the sample to decay to its half concentration.

from the data the initial concentration was 45.0 g and decayed to its half value (22.5 g) in 22.0 years.

second way: the radio active decay is considered first order reaction so we can use the laws of first order reactions.

k = (1/t) ln (a/a-x), where k is the rate constant of the reaction,

t is the time of the reaction

a is the initial concentration of the reactant

a-x is the remaining concentration at time (t)

a = 45.0 g the initial concentration at t = 0 year.

at t = 22 year, a-x = 22.5 g

then k = (1/22 year) ln (45.0 g/ 22.5 g) = 0.0315 year-1.

the half-life time (t1/2) = ln 2/ k = 0.693/ k =0.693/ 0.0315 = 22 years.

part 2:

using the same law k = (1/t) ln (a/a-x),

using the given data; a = 308.0 g and a-x = 4.8125 g and the calculated k from the part 1 (k = 0.0315 year-1)

t = (1/k) ln (a/a-x) = (1/0.0315) ln (308.0/ 4.8125) = 132.02 years

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