What modifications did Kepler make to Copernicus's model? Select two options. Planetary orbits are elliptical. Planets closer to the Sun move faster. Planets spin in an epicycle while orbiting Earth. Venus has phases due to its orbiting of the Sun. Earth's rotation causes the rising and setting of the Sun.

Planetary orbits are elliptical

Planets closer to the Sun move faster

Explanation:

In Copernicus' model of the solar system, for the first time the Earth was no longer occupying the center, but the Sun was placed at the center instead. In this model, all the other planets (so the Earth as well) were orbiting around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits.

Kepler introduced some modifications to Copernicus' model of the Solar system. These modifications are summarized in the so-called "Kepler three laws of planetary motion":

1) The planets orbit around the Sun in elliptical orbits, with the Sun located at one of the two focii

2) A segment connecting the center of the Sun with the center of each planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals

3) The square of the orbital period of the planets is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of their orbit

Therefore, the two correct options are:

Planetary orbits are elliptical.  --> contained in the 1st law

Planets closer to the Sun move faster.  --> this is a direct consequence of the 2nd law

Planetary orbits are elliptical.

Planets closer to the Sun move faster is A AND B

Explanation:

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