According to the experimental procedure of Experiment F1, 135 microliters of acetophenone (120.15 g/mol, 1.03 g/mL) was reacted with 127 mg of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (151.12 g/mol). What is the theoretical yield, in milligrams (mg), of trans-4-nitrochalcone (253.25 g/mol)? Enter your answer as digits only (no units), using the proper number of significant figures.

The theoretical yield of 4-nitrochalcone is,

Explanation : Given,

Volume of acetophenone = 135  microliters = 135 × 10⁻⁶ L = 0.135 mL

conversion used : (1 microliter = 10⁻⁶ L) and (1 L = 1000 mL)

Density of acetophenone = 1.03 g/mL

Mass of acetophenone = Density × Volume = 1.03 g/mL × 0.135 mL = 0.139 g

Mass of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde = 127 mg  = 0.127 g

Conversion used : (1 mg = 0.001 g)

First we have to calculate the moles of acetophenone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde

and,

Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.

The balanced chemical equation is:

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 1 mole of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde react with 1 mole of acetophenone

So, 0.000840 mole of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde react with 0.000840 mole of acetophenone

From this we conclude that, acetophenone is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.

Now we have to calculate the moles of 4-nitrochalcone

From the reaction, we conclude that

As, 1 mole of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde react to give 1 mole of 4-nitrochalcone

So, 0.000840 mole of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde react to give 0.000840 mole of 4-nitrochalcone

Now we have to calculate the mass of 4-nitrochalcone

Molar mass of 4-nitrochalcone = 253.25 g/mole

(1 g = 1000 g)

Therefore, the theoretical yield of 4-nitrochalcone is,