Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Substituents can activate or deactivate the ring to substitution, donate or withdraw electrons inductively, donate or withdraw electrons through resonance, and direct substitution either to the ortho/para or to the meta positions.
From the following lists, select the substituents that have the indicated property. The substituents are written as -XY, where X is the atom directly bound to the aromatic ring.

1) Activation of the ring towards substitution.

a) -NHCOCH3
b) -COOH
c) -CH3
d) -SO3H
2) Withdrawal of electrons through resonance.

a) -NH2
b) -NO2
c) -CN
d) -OCH3
3) Ortho/para-directed substitution.

a) -CF3
b) -CH3
c) -COOH
d) -OH
e) -F

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Answerthis solution will not form a precipitateexplanationsolubility equilbrium:         pbf₂(s)  ⇄ pb²⁺(aq) + 2 f⁻(aq)the solubility product expression is    (we exclude solids from the equilibrium expression).now suppose we have the trial ion product q, which we can define as    then, we can interpret  q as the product of the concentration of the ions that we have and ksp as the product of the ion concentrations that are needed to form a saturated solution.if q > ksp, then that implies that there will be a surplus of ions that exceed the amount that is required to form a saturated solution. a precipitate will then form (the precipitate continually  forms until the surplus ions are removed and q is decreased to ksp's value).if q = ksp, the saturated solution that forms is barely saturated and the precipitate will be minimal.if q < ksp, then the ion concentration will not be enough to form a saturated solution (so no precipitate).using our information, we calculate the trial ion product:     since q = 2.7  × 10⁻⁸ < ksp =  4  ×  10⁻⁸, a precipitate will not form.

Ithink the correct answer is 3