A student puts 0.020 mol of methyl methanoate into an empty and rigid 1.0 L vessel at 450 K. The pressure is measured to be 0.74 atm. When the experiment is repeated using 0.020 mol of ethanoic acid instead of methyl methanoate, the measured pressure is lower than 0.74 atm. The lower pressure for ethanoic acid is due to the following reversible reaction. CH3COOH(g)+CH3COOH(g) ⇋ (CH3COOH)2(g)+Assume that when equilibrium has been reached, 50 percent of the ethanoic acid molecules have reacted. i. Calculate the total pressure in the vessel at equilibrium at 450 K. ii. Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant, Kp, for the reaction at 450 K

Explanation:

Starting moles of ethanol acid = 0.020 mol

At the equilibrium 50 % of the ethanol acid molecules reacted

∴ Moles of ethanol acid reacted = 0.020 mol * 50 %/100 %

                                                                   = 0.010 mol

Moles of ethanol acid remain = 0.020 mol + 0.010 mol = 0.010 mol

Moles of the product gas formed are calculated as

0.010 mol CH3COOH * 1 mol / 2 mol CH3COOH

= 0.005 mol

Therefore at the equilibrium total moles of gas present in the vessel are 0.010 mol CH3COOH and 0.005 mol

That is total gas moles at equilibrium = 0.010 mol + 0.005 mol = 0.015 mol

Now Calculate the pressure  :

0.020 mol gas has pressure of 0.74 atm therefore at the same condition what will be the pressure exerted by 0.015 mol gas

P1/n1 = P2/n2

P2 = P1*n2 / n1

      = 0.74 atm * 0.015 mol / 0.020 mol

     = 0.555 atm

a mercury barometer is a device that uses the physical properties of mercury in a tube to measure barometric pressure. mercury barometers are used for : -

1. measurement of atmospheric pressure  

2. determining the altitude of a place

3. weather forecasting

4. calibration and checking of aneroid barometers

5. application in fluid mechanics

6. measurement of pressure in aircrafts

7. surface weather analysis

8. preparation of barographs

9. usage in physical sciences like physics, astronomy & chemistry

10. preparation of aircraft altimeters

characteristics of mercury barometer : -

1.used to define and measure atmospheric pressure.

2.on the average at sea level the column of mercury rises to a height of about 760 mm.

3.this quantity is equal to 1 atmosphere.

4.it is also known as standard atmospheric pressure.

5.a barometer in which the weight of a column of mercury in a glass tube with a sealed top is balanced against that of the atmosphere pressing on an exposed cistern of mercury at the base of the mercury column, the height of the column varying with atmospheric pressure.

a electronegativity decreases beacuse the size of nucleus is bigger.