Complete the reaction, which is part of the electron transport chain. The abbreviation Q represents coenzyme Q. Use the appropriate abbreviation for the product. FADH 2 + Q ⟶ FADH2+Q⟶ The reactant that is reduced is . In complex III, electrons are transferred from coenzyme Q to cytochrome c, which contains iron. QH 2 + 2 cyt c ( Fe 3 + ) ⟶ Q + 2 cyt c ( Fe x ) + 2 H + QH2+2cyt c(Fe3+)⟶Q+2cyt c(Fex)+2H+ Determine the oxidation number for iron on the right side of the reaction arrow.

Answer

Electron transport chain involves the synthesis of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the energy source for the body. ATP synthase is an enzyme that helps to push the H+ ions from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix and the energy released is used to convert ADP to ATP.

Oxidation and reduction of various species takes place during the entire process. The species gain hydrogen ions and get reduced.

The enzymes involved in the various complexes help in maintaining the concentration gradient and fasten the entire process.

The electron transport chain consists of five complexes that are responsible for the ATP synthesis. The NADH and FADH2 are the reducing equivalents produced in the KREB’s cycle that release electrons in these five complexes. The transfer of electrons to all the complexes produces energy that pushes the hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix to the inter membrane space. A concentration gradient is setup between the inter membrane space and the mitochondrial membrane.

ATP synthase helps to push the H+ ions from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix and the energy released is used to convert ADP to ATP. Cyt c is an iron containing enzyme that couples with Q (coenzyme Q) in the electron transport chain.

A species that gains hydrogen ions is said to be reduced and is an oxidizing agent. A species that loses hydrogen ions is called as oxidized and is a reducing agent.

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