If Δ∘rxn and Δ∘rxn are both negative values, what drives the spontaneous reaction and in what direction at standard conditions?

A. The spontaneous reaction is enthalpy-driven to the right.

B. The spontaneous reaction is entropy-driven to the right.

C. The spontaneous reaction is entropy-driven to the left.

D. The spontaneous reaction is enthalpy-driven to the left.

the population of unionid mussels in the hudson river decreased after zebra mussels were introduced. zebra mussels, a nonnative species, competed with the unionid mussels for food. the zebra mussels were able to outcompete the unionid mussels, allowing the zebra mussel population to increase dramatically over six years. the unionid mussel population decreased due to a lack of food.

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window cleaner is ammonia dissolved in water. this is an example of a