Which of the following statements about hybridization are true? Select all that apply: Hybrid orbitals exist in isolated atoms. Hybrid orbitals within the same atom have the same energy and shape. Hybrid orbitals are described mathematically as a linear combination of atomic orbitals. An atom can have both hybridized and unhybridized orbitals at the same time.

True:

Explanation:

Hybrid orbitals do not exist in isolated atoms. They form only in covalently bonded atoms.

Hybridization happens when several atomic orbitals combine to form other orbitals with the same energy and greater stability.

A set of hybrid orbitals is generated by combining atomic orbitals. The number of hybrid orbitals in a set is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combined to produce the set.

Hybrid orbitals overlap to form σ bonds. Unhybridized orbitals overlap to form π bonds, and both can appear in an atom at the same time.

a gas, having a molecular weight of 13 kg/kmol and a kinematic viscosity of 0.25 cm2/s, flows through a pipe 0.25 m internal diameter and 5 km long at the rate of 0.4 m3/s and is delivered at atmospheric pressure.