Identify the following statements as either True or False.

1) Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes, ketones, or compounds that yield polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones upon hydrolysis.
2) Monosaccharides exist as cyclic structures containing functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, acetal (ketal), and hemiacetal (hemiketal).
3) A carbohydrate can be classified as a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide.
4) Disaccharides exist as cyclic structures that only contain hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups.

Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes, ketones, or compounds that yield polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones upon hydrolysis. FALSE

Monosaccharides exist as cyclic structures containing functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, acetal (ketal), and hemiacetal (hemiketal). TRUE

A carbohydrate can be classified as a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide TRUE

Disaccharides exist as cyclic structures that only contain hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups. FALSE

Explanation:

carbohydrates consists of a long cyclic chain of monosaccharides. They are polysaccharides and exist in the cyclic structure. It is only the individual monosaccharides that contain the aldehyde or ketone group as the case may be.

When completely hydrolysed monosaccharides are formed from polysaccharides which are cyclic hemiacetals and acetals containing the hydroxyl functional group.

Carbohydrates containing only one sugar unit is a monosaccharide, if it contains two sugar units it is a diasaccharide, it contains more than two sugar units it is a polysaccharide.

Diasaccharides such as fructose also contain hemiacetal or hemiketal groups and -OH groups also.

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