Oxygen sensing is important in biological studies of many systems. The variation in oxygen content of sapwood trees was measured by del Hierro and coworkers [J. Experimental Biology 53 (2002): 559] by monitoring the luminescence intensity of [Ru(dpp)3] 2 immobilized in a sol-gel that coats the end of an optical fiber implanted into the tree. As the oxygen content of the tree increases, the luminescence from the ruthenium complex is quenched. The quenching of [Ru(dpp)3] 2 by O2 was measured by Bright and coworkers [Applied Spectroscopy 52 (1998): 750] and the following data were obtained:

I0/I 3.6 4.8 7.8 12.2
% O2 12 20 47 100

Construct a Stern-Volmer plot, 4 = a + TokQ(O2), using the data supplied in the table. For (Ru(dpp)3)2+, kF =1.77 * 105 s-1

What is kQ?

The answer to your question really depends on three things: how much water you have, how cold it is to start out, and how cold the things around it are. water actually freezes when it gets to 32 degrees fahrenheit (0 degrees celsius), but the time it takes to get there may be different.  let's start with the first. if you take two glasses, and fill one with a tiny bit of water, and the other about halfway, then put them both in the freezer, the one with less water will freeze first (you can try this at home, but i recommend using plastic cups and not glass ones).  now let's move on to the second part. let's say you have two glasses, and you fill one with really cold water that has been in the refrigerator, and the other with really hot water from the sink. if you put both of them in the freezer, the one that started out colder will freeze first.  for the third part, let's imagine that you have two glasses with the same amount of water in them, and the water is at the same temperature. imagine putting one outside on a really really cold day in georgia, and having a friend in alaska put one outside on the same day. since it would be so much colder in alaska, the glass of water there would freeze before yours.  so, if you took a tiny bit of really cold water in a glass, and put it outside on a cold day in alaska, it would freeze a lot faster than a big glass of hot water outside on a cold day in georgia. 

Is there a picture or answer choices?