A scientist has 0.12 miles of a gas at a pressure of 4.06 kPa and a volume of 14 liters in an enclosed container. What is the temperature of the gas in the container?

56972.17K

Explanation:

P = 4.06kPa = 4.06×10³Pa

V = 14L

n = 0.12 moles

R = 8.314J/Mol.K

T = ?

We need ideal gas equation to solve this question

From ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

P = pressure of the ideal gas

V = volume the gas occupies

n = number of moles

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature of the gas

PV = nRT

T = PV / nR

T = (4.06×10³ × 14) / (0.12 × 8.314)

T = 56840 / 0.99768

T = 56972.17K

Note : we have a large number for temperature because we converted the value of pressure from kPa to Pa

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.