Explain the difference between an atom and an ion of the same element

The answer is that an ion has a net positive or negative charge while an atom has a basic unit of a specific element. You can find this by looking at the number of positive charged protons in a atom's nucleus.

there are no statements provided but here is why:

sulfur belongs to group 16 because it can be found in nature whether it is in a free or combined state.

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