Determine the only possible 2 ion for which the following two conditions are both satisfied: The net ionic charge is one-tenth the nuclear charge. The number of neutrons is four more than the number of electrons. Express your answer as an ion and as an isotope separated by a comma.

Explanation:

The answer is the Calcium ion. It satisfies the conditions of the question.

Condition 1

The net ionic charge is one-tenth the nuclear charge.

In the Calcium ion,  Ca²⁺. The nuclear charge in this ion is 20. The net ionic charge is 2.

2 / 20 = 1 / 10. So the net ionic charge is indeed one tenth of the nuclear charge.

Condition 2

The number of neutrons is four more than the number of electrons.

Mass Number of Ca²⁺ = 44

Atomic Number = 20

Neutrons =  Mass Number - Atomic Number = 44 -20 = 24

Number of electrons = 20 - 2 = 18

Since Number of Neutrons = 22, Number of electrons = 18. This condition also holds.

As an ion and as an isotope = Ca²⁺, Ca - 42

< > according to newton's third law of motion, forces always act in equal but opposite pairs. another way of saying this is for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.< >

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.