In the first step of glycolysis, the given two reactions are coupled. reaction 1:reaction 2:glucose+Pi⟶glucose-6-phosphate+H2 OATP+H2O⟶ADP+PiΔG=+13.8 kJ/molΔG=−30.5 kJ/mol reaction 1:glucose+Pi⟶glucose-6-phosphate+H2 OΔG=+13.8 kJ/molreaction 2:ATP+H2O⟶ADP+PiΔG=−30.5 kJ/mol Answer the four questions about the first step of glycolysis. Is reaction 2 spontaneous or nonspontaneous?

Answer : The reaction 2 is spontaneous.

Explanation :

As we know that:

= +ve, reaction is non spontaneous

= -ve, reaction is spontaneous

= 0, reaction is in equilibrium

For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must come out to be negative.

Reaction 1:

Glucose + Pi glucose-6-phosphate + H₂O,   ΔG = +13.8 kJ/mol

Reaction 2:

ATP + H₂O ADP + Pi,   ΔG = -30.5 kJ/mol

From this we conclude that the value of ΔG is negative. So, reaction 2 is a spontaneous reaction.

answer: - 3.) the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

solution: - as per the rules, oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is -2. the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a molecule or compound is zero.

also, the oxidation number in elemental form is zero.

in no, the oxidation number of o is -2 so the oxidation number of n is +2 so that the sum is zero.

similarly, the oxidation number of c in co is +2 and o is -2.

on product side the oxidation number of n is 0 as it is in the elemental form() .

oxidation number of c in carbon dioxide is +4 as there are two oxygen in it and we know that each oxygen is -2.

so, oxidation number of n is changing from +2 to 0 and the oxidation number of c is changing from +2 to +4.

since nitrogen is reduced and hence no is acting as an oxidizing agent. carbon is oxidized and so co is acting as a reducing agent.

so, the right choice is number 3.)the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

indium, and thallium have three electrons i think