To identify a liquid substance, a student determined its density. Using a graduated cylinder, she measured out a 45-mL sample of the substance. She then measured the mass of the sample, find ing that it weighed 38.5 g. She knew that the substance had to be either isopropyl alcohol (density 0. 785 g/ mL) or toluene ( density 0.866g/ mL). What are the calculated density and the probable identity of the substance?

Calculated density = 0.8555g/ mL

Probable identity = Toulene

Explanation:

First off, the substance choices are;

isopropyl alcohol (density 0. 785 g/ mL)

toluene ( density 0.866g/ mL)

So upon calculation, if the density of the liquid substance is equal to either of the substances in the choice, it is that substance.

The relationship between density, mass and volume is given as;

Density = Mass / Volume

Mass = 38.5g

Volume = 45ml

Density = 38.5 / 45 = 0.8555g/ mL

Calculated density = 0.8555g/ mL

Among both substances, it is closest to  toluene ( density 0.866g/ mL).

Probable identity = Toulene