How do you calculate bonding capacity in chemistry?

bonding capacity is based on the oxidation number. the pattern throughout families 1-2 and 13-18 is 12343210. depending on wether the elements in a family lose or gain 1-4 valence electrons is what determines the bonding capacity. for example, the elements in family one, or the Alkali family elements, lose one valence electron to become stable. this means the next outer shell has 8 valence electrons and is therefore stable. family two elements lose 2 valence electrons in order to have 8 on the outer shell. family thirteen elements lose 3 valence electrons. family fourteen can either lose or gain their four valence electrons as long as they end up with an outer shell with 8 valence electrons. family fifteen gains 3 valence electrons, 16 gains two, and 17 gains 1. family 18 doesn't lose or gain any since it is already stable. if an element loses valence electrons its oxidation number will be a positive 1,2,3, or 4. if an element gains valence electrons its oxication number will be a negative 1,2,3, or 4. the pattern of oxidation numbers is the same as the bonding capacity and it is +1,+2,+3,+4/-4,-3,-2,-1 or 0. basically if you can find the oxidation number then you can find the bonding capacity

Explanation:

i believe the answer is c. "baking" is the gerund, while "baking blueberry muffins" would be the gerund phrase. hope this ! : )

answer: enthalpy

explanation:

for a exothermic reaction, the energy is released i.e. the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants.

= enthaply

= energy of products

= energy of reactants

as , thus comes out to be negative. negative value of enthalpy shows that the reaction is exothermic.