Calculate the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 477 mL of 0.17 M hydrochloric acid with 253 mL of M lithium hydroxide. Assume the combined volume is the sum of the two original volumes.

pH = 0.984

Explanation:

Molarity LiOH = 2.1x10⁻²M

HCl will react with LiOH as follows:

HCl + LiOH → H₂O + LiCl

1 moles of HCl reacts per mole of LiOH

Moles of each reactant in solution are:

HCl = 0.477L ₓ (0.17mol / L) = 0.08109 moles HCl

LiOH = 0.253L ₓ (2.1x10⁻² mol / L) = 5.313x10⁻³ moles of LiOH.

That means LiOH is the limiting reactant and excess moles of HCl that will remain in solution are:

0.08109 mol - 0.005313mol = 0.0758 moles HCl

As HCl dissociates in water as H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, you will have in solution 0.0758 moles of H⁺

pH = -log [H⁺] and [H⁺] = moles H⁺ / L of solution.

Volume of the mixture in liters is: 0.477L + 0.253L = 0.730L.

That means [H⁺] is 0.0758 moles of H⁺ / 0.730L = 0.1038M

Replacing:

pH = -log [H⁺]

pH = -log [0.1038]

c) always accurate

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answer: c. the experiment shows that the red substance experienced a chemical change.

explanation: chemical change is the change in which chemical composition of the substance changes. physical change is the change in which there is no change in chemical composition.

chemical changes are accompanied by following changes:

a) precipitate formation

b) energy is released or absorbed

c) formation of bubbles

d) change in color

as it is given that the red color has disappeared and there is production of gas, it means the red substance has undergone a chemical change.

e