Suppose there is 1.00 L of an aqueous buffer containing 60.0 mmol of formic acid (pKa=3.74) and 40.0 mmol of formate. Calculate the pH of this buffer.

pH = 3.56

Explanation:

The pH of the buffer producing from the mixture of formic acid and formate ion can be found using H-H equation:

pH = pka + log [A⁻] / [HA]

pH = 3.74 + log [Formate] / [formic acid]

Where [] represents molar concentrations -or moles- of formate and formic acid in the solution.

Replacing knowing moles of formic acid = 0.0600 and moles formate = 0.0400:

pH = 3.74 + log [Formate] / [formic acid]

pH = 3.74 + log [0.0400] / [0.0600]

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.