> So, to fill this shell, will it be easier for sodium to steal seven more electrons from another atom, or will it be easier
for sodium to give up that one electron and get rid of that third
shell? Sodium is simply going to give away that last electron.
This means that it will lose an electron (negative charge) but
will keep the same number of protons (positive charges).
What will the sodium ion's overall charge be now?
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- Exploring Anatomy & Physiology in the Laboratory

+1

Explanation:

Sodium has one electron in its outermost shell. Sodium can not be able to accept seven electrons because the energy required for that process is very high. Sodium would rather loose its only valence electron to form a univalent positive ion Na^+.

This is an easier process. When sodium looses one electron, it now has a charge of +1.

"standard molar enthalpy:

h2o ( liquid water ) : - 285.8 kj/mole

h2o ( water vapor ) : - 241.8 kj / mole.

δhrxn = - 241. 8 - ( - 285.8 )= -241.8 + 285.8 = 44.0

answer: 44.0 kj"