A tetrahedral carbon is hybridized while a linear carbon is hybridized. Two different compounds that have the same molecular formula are known as . Pi (π) bonds are generally than sigma (σ) bonds. Hybridization is the combination of two or more orbitals to form the same number of orbitals, each having the same shape and energy. A bond is formed by side-by-side overlap of two p orbitals. The is a measure of an atom’s attraction for electrons in a bond and indicates how much a particular atom "wants" electrons. Two Lewis structures that have the same atomic placement and σ structure but a different arrangement of π electrons are called . All single bonds are bonds.

1. Sp^3; Sp.

2. Isomers.

3. Weaker.

4. Atomic; hybrid.

5. Pi.

6. Electronegativity.

7. Resonance structures.

8. Sigma.

Explanation:

1. A tetrahedral carbon is Sp^3 hybridized while a linear carbon is Sp hybridized. A tetrahedral carbon typically comprises of four bonds that are 109. 5° apart while a linear carbon atom comprises of two (2) bonds that are 180° apart.

2. Two different compounds that have the same molecular formula are known as isomer. For example Butane and Isobutane, Methoxyethane and Propanol have the same molecular formula (numbers of hydrogen and carbon atoms) but different structural formula.

3. Pi (π) bonds are generally weaker than sigma (σ) bonds. This is because the orbital paths of Pi bonds are parallel thereby causing an overlap.

4. Hybridization is the combination of two or more atomic orbitals to form the same number of hybrid orbitals, each having the same shape and energy.

5. A Pi bond is formed by side-by-side overlap of two p orbitals.

6. The electronegativity is a measure of an atom’s attraction for electrons in a bond and indicates how much a particular atom "wants" electrons.

7. Two Lewis structures that have the same atomic placement and σ structure but a different arrangement of π electrons are called resonance structures.

8. All single bonds are Sigma bonds.

(newtons first law)

conservation of momentum law states :

momentum before collision = momentum after collision

momentum p (kg-m/s)= mass * velocity

say moving car=1 000 kg, velocity = 10 m/s then p = 1 000*10= 10 000 kg-m/s

say still car = 2 000 kg, velocity = 0 m/s then p = 2 000* 0 = 0 kg-m/s

total momentum prior to collision = 10 000 + 0 = 10 000 kg-m/s

momentum after collision = 10 000 kg-m/s

mass now = 1 000 kg+2 000 kg = 3 000 kg

10 000 = 3 000 kg* velocity m/s

10 000/3 000 = velocity

3.33 m/s = velocity after collision

an impulse is a force applied over time , momentum is exclusive of external forces and a perfect collision is implied