combustion analysis of a hydrocarbon produced 33.01g CO2 and 13.51g H2O. Calculate the empirical formula for the hydrocarbon

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Explanation:

Carbon and hydrogen are the only two elements in a hydrocarbon. When a hydrocarbon combusts completely in excess oxygen, the products would be and . The and would come from the hydrocarbon, while the atoms would come from oxygen.

Look up the relative atomic mass of these three elements on a modern periodic table:

Calculate the molar mass of and :

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Calculate the number of moles of molecules in of :

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Similarly, calculate the number of moles of molecules in of :

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Note that there is one carbon atom in every molecule. Approximately of molecules would correspond to the same number of atoms. That is: .

On the other hand, there are two hydrogen atoms in every molecule. approximately of molecules would correspond to twice as many atoms. That is: .

The ratio between the two is: .

The empirical formula of a compound gives the smallest whole-number ratio between the elements. For this hydrocarbon, the empirical formula would be .

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