Each year, the United States' federal costs exceed the anticipated national budget. In fact, the last time that the United States government was able to end a fiscal year without accruing more debt was in 1960. This means that due to excessive spending and compounding interest accrued, the United States' national debt has escalated astronomically over the past several decades. In the second section, you used the United States' national debt to explore concepts involved with numbers in scientific notation. Use the national debt table to create your own operations with numbers in scientific notation.

Year US Nation Debt (in US dollars)
1960 $286,330,760,848.37
1970 $370,918,706,949.93
1980 $907,701,000,000.00
1990 $3,233,313,451,777.25
2000 $5,674,178,209,886.86
2010 $13,561,623,030,891.79
Use the table and your answers from the first section to answer questions 1-3. When applicable, show all work for full credit.

In 1980, the United States' national debt exceeded $9 billion dollars. Express the exact dollar amount in scientific notation.
Use complete sentences to explain, step by step, how to convert a number from standard form to scientific notation. You may use your answer to question #1 to help you explain the process.
Calculate, in scientific notation, how many times greater the recorded debt in 2010 is compared to the recorded debt in 1960. Express your answer in proper scientific notation.

answer: mole of the gas

answer: mole of the gasexplanation:

answer: mole of the gasexplanation: this is because 1 mole of a gas is 22.4dm³, which is use in ideal gas

Note that 2 mol dm⁻³ = 2 mol/(dm³)outline: we're given the concentration of hcl, which is  2 mol dm⁻³ (cubic meters in the denominator can represent volume, so i know this is concentration). we're an amount of calcium carbonate caco₃, which is 5 g. we're presented with a chemical equation which includes caco₃ and hcl. we are told to find the volume of hcl. from what we see so far, this seems to be a stoichiometry  problem. we'll have to use the given information about calcium carbonate to find the amount of moles of hcl needed to fully react with calcium carbonate. then we'll have information about the moles of hcl and the concentration of hcl; that will be enough to figure out volume according to the formula concentration = moles / volume.======all the answer choices are not in dm.convert the given concentration so that it uses cm⁻³.we can use conversion factors. we have to cube our conversion factors so that dimensional analysis works.we can convert to meters first, using the fact that     10 dm = 1 m  ⇔ 10³ dm³ = 1 m³then we use the fact that     10² cm = 1 m ⇔ (10² cm)³ = (1 m)³ ⇔ 10⁶ cm³ = 1 m³so converting:     now we have to find the moles of hydrochloric  acid neededfind the moles of calcium carbonate. we have to find the molar mass of calcium carbonate, caco₃, which can be found by    molar mass = (mass ca) + (mass c) + 3(mass o)    = 40 + 12 + 3(16)    = 100 g/molconvert the given 5 g to moles:     mol caco₃ = 5 g caco₃ * 1 mol/(100 g) = 0.05 mol caco₃use stoichiometry (ratios) to figure out the moles of hcl needed. ratio wise, there's 2 hcls for every caco₃, so use dimensional analysis    mol hcl = mol caco₃ * (2 mol hcl) / (1 mol caco₃)    = 0.05 mol hcl * 2    = 0.1 mol hcl  we have 0.1 mol hcl and concentration of hcl (0.002 mol/cm³).we need to find volumesince concentration = moles / volume, rearrange to get     volume = moles / concentration    volume = 0.1 mol / (0.002 mol/cm³)    volume = 50 cm³