Given a sample of water at any point on curve AB in Figure 16, what effect would each of the following changes have on that sample?
a. adding energy at constant pressure
b. decreasing the volume at constant temperature
c. removing energy at constant pressure
d. increasing the volume at constant temperature

Well technically there are two correct answers b and d. but for you its probably b in general.good day sir/ma'am : ) (i know not gender)

B.1 - hydrogren-1 can only mean there is 1 neutron. it's obvious there is 1 proton or else it wouldn't be hydrogen, so they wouldn't put a number after it unless they were indicating the number of neutrons

The reaction 2kalsi3o8 + 2(h+ + hco3-) + h2o  →  al2si2o5(oh)4 + 2k+ + 2hco3- + 4sio2 shows that feldspar kalsi3o8 is chemically altered by hydrolysis to form chalky-looking clay mineral kaolinite al2si2o5(oh)4. the chemical breakdown of potassium feldspar due to exposure to acidic water results to the mineral binding with the water molecule to become kaolinite with silica and potassium and bicarbonate ions in solution.