etermine the number of valence electrons for each of the atoms. Enter each answer as a numeral. For example, if an atom has two valence electrons, enter the number 2. Li: Answer Mg: Answer O: Answer Ne: Answer

1. 1

2. 2

3. 6

4. 8

Explanation:

Valence electrons can be defined as the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. Valence electrons are used to determine whether an atom or group of elements found in a periodic table can bond with others. Thus, this property is typically used to determine the chemical properties of elements.

1. Li is the symbol for the chemical element known as Lithium: it has 1 valence electron. The electronic configuration of lithium is 1s²2s¹

2. Mg is the symbol for the chemical element known as Magnesium: it has 2 valence electrons. The electronic configuration of magnesium is 1s²2s²2p63s²

3. O is the symbol for the chemical element known as Oxygen: it has 6 valence electrons. The electronic configuration of magnesium is 1s²2s²2p⁴.

4. Ne is the symbol for the chemical element known as Neon: it has 8 valence electrons.

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).