The following reaction establishes equilibrium at 2000 K: If the reaction began with 0.110 of and 0.110 of , what were the equilibrium concentrations of all species

[N₂] = 0.098M

[O₂] = 0.098M

[NO] = 0.004M

Explanation:

The reaction is:

N₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇄ 2 NO(g)

Where K of equilibrium is:

4.1x10⁻⁴ = [NO]² / [N₂] [O₂]

Concentrations of each species are concentrations in equilibrium.

If some N₂ and O₂ gases reacts producing NO, the equilibrium concentrations are:

[N₂] = 0.100M - X

[O₂] = 0.100M - X

[NO] = 2X

Only 1 mole of N₂ and O₂ reacts producing 2 moles of NO

Replacing:

4.1x10⁻⁴ = [NO]² / [N₂] [O₂]

4.1x10⁻⁴ = [X]² / [0.100-X] [0.100-X]

4.1x10⁻⁴ = [X]² / [X²-0.2X + 0.01]

4.1x10⁻⁴X² - 8.2x10⁻⁵X + 4.1x10⁻⁶ = [X]²

-0.99959X² - 8.2x10⁻⁵ X+ 4.1x10⁻⁶ = 0

Solving for X:

X = -0.002. False solution. There is no negative concentrations.

X=  0.002. Right solution.

[N₂] = 0.100M - 0.002M = 0.098M

[O₂] = 0.100M - 0.002M = 0.098M

[NO] = 2*0.002 = 0.004M

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).