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If a solution is considered basic, then a) the hydroxide ion and hydronium ion concentrations are equal. b) the hydroxide ion concentration is less than the hydronium ion concentration. c) the hydronium ion concentration is greater than the hydroxide ion concentration. d) the hydroxide ion concentration is greater than the hydronium ion concentration.

1)each group 16 element has how many valence electrons? ( )4 ( )6 ( )8 ( )16 2)how many dots appear in the dot structure for calcium ion, ca2+? ( )zero ( )one ( )two ( )eight 3) which of the following atoms forms a cation to obtain an octet of outer shell electrons? ( )magnesium ( )oxygen ( )fluorine ( )helium 4) an al3+ ion contains 13 protons and 10 electrons. ( )true ( )false 5) valence and non-valence electrons are represented in lewis dot structures. ( )true ( )false

Predict whether the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and free energy will be positive or negative for the boiling of water, and explain your predictions. how does temperature affect the spontaneity of this process?