How does an atom become charged? -How does an atom get a positive charge?
-How does an atom get a negative charge?
-Can an atom get a charge with a change of particles in
the nucleus? Explain, please.

An atom becomes charged when there is an unequal amount of positive and negative particles in the nucleus.

An atom gets a positive charge when there is an increase in protons or a decrease in electrons, such that there are more protons than electrons in the nucleus.

An atom gets a negative charge when there is an increase in electrons or a decrease in protons, such that there are more electrons than protons in the nucleus.

An atom can get a charge with a change of particles in the nucleus if that change results in an uneven number of protons and electrons.

Explanation:

Because protons are positively charged particles and electrons are negatively charged particles, a neutral atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons, so that the opposite charges of the particles cancel each other out.

However, if there is an unequal amount of protons or electrons in the nucleus, the charge of the particles will no longer be canceled out, and the atom as a whole will take on a positive or negative charge.

b is the correct answer

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.