Which element has 16 protons in its nucleus? 1. neon 2. oxygen 3. sodium 4. sulfur?

Ans: 4) Sulfur

In general for a given element:

The atomic number (Z) = number of protons

The atomic mass (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons

Atomic number Z of Neon, Ne = 10

Atomic number Z of oxygen, O = 8

Atomic number Z of sodium, Na = 11

Atomic number Z of sulfur, S = 16

Hence, sulfur is the element with 16 protons.

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.