How are protons and neutrons the same and how are they different?

Explanation:

Protons, Neutrons and Electrons are the three primary subatomic particles that form an atom.

Protons and Neutrons are large particles and are densely compacted into the nucleus of the atom. Protons are electrochemically positive in charge and the Neutrons are electrochemically neutral in charge.

Together the protons and Neutrons make up the mass of the atom.

Electrons are electrochemically negatively charged particles that move random around the nucleus. They have a relatively small mass compared to Protons and Neutrons. They are found in electron clouds that surround the nucleus and their movement and properties provide for the bonding characteristics of each atom.

the ratio of the conjugate base to the acid required to attain the desired ph.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.